 Title: Changes to the DCMI Type Vocabulary Identifier: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/2006/2006-02.dcmitype-changes.shtml Date: Description: This decision text refers to http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02. In 2005, the DCMI Usage Board undertook a review of the Definitions and Comments of terms in the DCMI Type Vocabulary [1,2]. Potential changes were discussed at meetings of the Usage Board in May 2005 [3] and September 2005 [4]. A public comment period on proposed changes was held from 8 December to 31 January 2006 [5,6]. Decisions on these changes were taken at a Usage Board meeting on 30 April 2006 [7] and are recorded in this decision document. The proposed changes were essentially editorial in nature: 1) Definitions were wordsmithed for grammatical correctness and stylistic consistency. 2) As originally written, the Definitions of DCMI Type terms included information about expected uses of the term -- information which, for other types of DCMI terms, is typically provided in a separate Comment. For stylistic consistency, therefore, parts of the Definitions were split off into Comments. The Usage Board did not undertake a fundamental review of the typology (ontology) offered in the DCMI Type Vocabulary. As explained in a posting to DC-GENERAL in December 2003 [8], the Usage Board does not intend to expand or otherwise improve the existing vocabulary; rather, it prefers that future efforts "focus on interoperability between the DCMI Type Vocabulary and other, more granular vocabularies created and maintained by communities of interest for specialized uses." Public comment was therefore solicited primarily not on the concepts underlying the DCMI Types, but on the potential impact of the proposed editorial changes on existing interpretations and implementations (see summary of comments in [6]). Finalizing the editorial changes after the public comment involved a discussion of the style used for definitions of the Type Vocabulary. Three styles were considered: 1. The legacy style for the DCMI Type Vocabulary [9], e.g.: Collection: An aggregation of items. 2. A style proposed during the comment period by Gregory Renaud [6], e.g.: Collection: A resource which is an aggregation of items. 3. The style used by Andy Powell in a draft Domain-Range Vocabulary [10,11]: Collection: The class of all aggregations of items. At its face-to-face meeting of 30 April 2006, the DCMI Usage Board reaffirmed the legacy style (style number 1) and approved the definition and comment texts which appear below. [1] http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ [2] http://dublincore.org/documents/2005/06/13/dcmi-terms/ [3] http://dublincore.org/usage/meetings/2005/05/washdc/topic-type-vocabulary/ [4] http://dublincore.org/usage/meetings/2005/09/madrid/type-vocabulary/ [5] http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ [6] http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2006/03/type-vocabulary-comments/ [7] http://dublincore.org/usage/meetings/2006/04/seattle/dcmitype/ [8] http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=ind0312&L=dc-general&T=0&F=&S=&X=3E9FF4152D1B3DB3DF&Y=tbaker%40tbaker.de&P=444 [9] http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ [10] http://dublincore.org/usage/meetings/2006/04/seattle/domains-ranges/.dcPropertiesRanges.pdf [11] http://dublincore.org/usage/meetings/2006/04/seattle/domains-ranges/ The approved texts: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Collection Label: Collection Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: A collection is an aggregation of items. The term Official> collection means that the resource is Official> described as a group; its parts may be Official> separately described and navigated. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: An aggregation of items. Proposed> Comment: The term Collection means that the resource Proposed> is described as a group; its parts may also Proposed> be separately described and navigated. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: An aggregation of resources. Comment: A collection is described as a group; its parts may also be separately described. Note justifying the change: The original definition referred to "an aggregation of items". However, the Usage Board wished to avoid confusion with the more specific notion of "item" defined in the widely discussed "Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records" as "a single exemplar of a manifestation" (see http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf). ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Dataset Label: Dataset Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: A dataset is information encoded in a Official> defined structure (for example, lists, Official> tables, and databases), intended to be Official> useful for direct machine processing. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: Information encoded in a defined structure (for example, Proposed> lists, tables, and databases). Proposed> Comment: A Dataset is intended to be useful for direct machine Proposed> processing. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: Data encoded in a defined structure. Comment: Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Event Label: Event Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: An event is a non-persistent, time-based Official> occurrence. Metadata for an event provides Official> descriptive information that is the basis Official> for discovery of the purpose, location, Official> duration, responsible agents, and links to Official> related events and resources. The resource Official> of type event may not be retrievable if Official> the described instantiation has expired Official> or is yet to occur. Examples - exhibition, Official> web-cast, conference, workshop,day, Official> performance, battle, trial, wedding, Official> tea-party, conflagration. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Proposed> Proposed> Comment: Metadata for an Event provides descriptive Proposed> information that is the basis for discovery of the Proposed> purpose, location, duration, and responsible Proposed> agents associated with an event. Examples Proposed> include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, Proposed>day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea Proposed> party, conflagration. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Comment: Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop,day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Image Label: Image Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: An image is a primarily symbolic visual Official> representation other than text. For example - Official> images and photographs of physical objects, Official> paintings, prints, drawings, other images and Official> graphics, animations and moving pictures, Official> film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Official> Note that image may include both electronic Official> and physical representations. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A primarily symbolic visual representation other than text. Proposed> Comment: Examples include images and photographs Proposed> of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other Proposed> images and graphics, animations and moving Proposed> pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical Proposed> notation. Note that Image may include both Proposed> electronic and physical representations. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A visual representation other than text. Comment: Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/InteractiveResource Label: Interactive Resource Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: An interactive resource is a resource Official> which requires interaction from the user Official> to be understood, executed, or experienced. Official> For example - forms on web pages, applets, Official> multimedia learning objects, chat services, Official> virtual reality. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A resource which requires interaction from the user to Proposed> be understood, executed, or experienced. Proposed> Comment: Examples include forms on Web pages, applets, multimedia Proposed> learning objects, chat services, virtual reality Proposed> environments. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A resource requiring interaction from the user to be understood, executed, or experienced. Comment: Examples include forms on Web pages, applets, multimedia learning objects, chat services, or virtual reality environments. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/MovingImage Label: Moving Image Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: A series of visual representations that, Official> when shown in succession, impart an Official> impression of motion. Examples of moving Official> images are: animations, movies, television Official> programs, videos, zoetropes, or visual Official> output from a simulation. Official> Comment: Instances of the type "Moving Image" must Official> also be describable as instances of the Official> broader type "Image". Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A series of visual representations that, when shown in Proposed> succession, impart an impression of motion. Proposed> Comment: Examples include animations, movies, television programs, Proposed> videos, zoetropes, or visual output from a simulation. Proposed> Instances of the type Moving Image must also be describable Proposed> as instances of the broader type Image. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A series of visual representations imparting an impression of motion when shown in succession. Comment: Examples include animations, movies, television programs, videos, zoetropes, or visual output from a simulation. Instances of the type Moving Image must also be describable as instances of the broader type Image. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/PhysicalObject Label: Physical Object Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: An inanimate, three-dimensional object or Official> substance. For example -- a computer, Official> the great pyramid, a sculpture. Note that Official> digital representations of, or surrogates Official> for, these things should use Image, Text Official> or one of the other types. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Proposed> Comment: Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, Proposed> these objects should use Image, Text or one of the other Proposed> types. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Comment: Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Image, Text or one of the other types. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Service Label: Service Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: A service is a system that provides one or Official> more functions of value to the Official> end-user. Examples include: a photocopying Official> service, a banking service, an authentication Official> service, interlibrary loans, a Z39.50 or Official> Web server. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A system that provides one or more functions of value to Proposed> the end user. Proposed> Comment: Examples include a photocopying service, a banking service, Proposed> an authentication service, interlibrary loans, a Z39.50 or Proposed> Web server. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A system that provides one or more functions. Comment: Examples include a photocopying service, a banking service, an authentication service, interlibrary loans, a Z39.50 or Web server. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Software Label: Software Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: Software is a computer program in source Official> or compiled form which may be available for Official> installation non-transiently on another Official> machine. For software which exists only Official> to create an interactive environment, Official> use interactive instead. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A computer program in source or compiled form Proposed> which may be available for installation nontransiently Proposed> on another machine. Proposed> Comment: Examples include a C source file, MS-Windows Proposed> .exe executable, or Perl script. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A computer program in source or compiled form. Comment: Examples include a C source file, MS-Windows .exe executable, or Perl script. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Sound Label: Sound Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: A sound is a resource whose content is Official> primarily intended to be rendered as Official> audio. For example - a music playback file Official> format, an audio compact disc, and recorded Official> speech or sounds. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A resource whose content is primarily intended to be Proposed> rendered as audio. Proposed> Comment: Examples include a music playback file format, an audio Proposed> compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A resource primarily intended to be heard. Comment: Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage Label: Still Image Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: A static visual representation. Examples Official> of still images are: paintings, drawings, Official> graphic designs, plans and maps. Official> Comment: Recommended best practice is to assign the Official> type "text" to images of textual Official> materials. Instances of the type "Still Official> Image" must also be describable as instances Official> of the broader type "Image". Narrower Than: Official> http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Image Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A static visual representation. Proposed> Comment: Examples include paintings, drawings, Proposed> graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended Proposed> best practice is to assign the type Text to Proposed> images of textual materials. Instances of the Proposed> type Still Image must also be describable as Proposed> instances of the broader type Image. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A static visual representation. Comment: Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Instances of the type Still Image must also be describable as instances of the broader type Image. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- URI: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text Label: Text Official: http://dublincore.org/documents/2004/06/14/dcmi-type-vocabulary/ Official> Definition: A text is a resource whose content is Official> primarily words for reading. For example Official> - books, letters, dissertations, poems, Official> newspapers, articles, archives of mailing Official> lists. Note that facsimiles or images of Official> texts are still of the genre text. Proposed: http://dublincore.org/usage/public-comment/2005/12/type-vocabulary-changes/ Proposed> Definition: A resource whose content is primarily words for reading. Proposed> Comment: Examples include books, letters, dissertations, Proposed> poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing Proposed> lists. Note that facsimiles or images of Proposed> texts are still of the genre Text. Approved: http://dublincore.org/usage/decisions/#Decision-2006-02 Definition: A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Comment: Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. |
